I dont think the technique has a name as such. As with most things visual having a name for everything is impossible simply because written language is limited in scope.
However the pulsating points on the trajectory of the object path are called (when they are called anything) time ticks. Time ticks are sort of a extension of onion skinning on the path only, but also common from drawing graphs with uneven axes, just that your axis is not straight.
Now different applications have different names for these, simply because there is no central authority on names in 3D*, many applications just dont give it a name at all. See language is limited in explaining visual things, which is why we draw pictures when we design physical objects.
* A more dramatic example is the loft command, that is also been called sweep, blend, etc. But then what other applications call sweep is a bi-rail in another application, and what others call blend is totally different form a loft... Go figure.