Menu File > Save as > PDF
From Acrobat > Menu File > Properties > Fonts
At least from there you can see all the file fonts.
Here there's an answer about how to find where exactly are each font in a PDF file:
How to find out WHERE a specific font is used in a PDF document
1) Create a new Custom preflight profile Advanced|Preflight|Options|Create New Preflight Profile
2) Give the profile a name (Fontfinder, say)
3) In the left window of the dialog click "Custom checks"
4) In the right window of the dialog below the blank box click the plus symbol to create a new check and include in current profile
5) Click "text" in the Group, the bottom property is "Text size". Select this and click "Add"
6) The pane below now has more options. Click on the drop down options probably labelled "equal to" and select "less than"
7) Enter a large value in the Number field. I entered 500
8) Top left of the dialog when check fires report as... and enter something like Text size 500 pt or less and click OK. There should be a new custom check in the pane with a red cross beside it. If the cross is not red, click on the check label, and select "error" below the pane
Repeat the steps above for another error check, but changing the option for 500 to "greater than or equal to", and Check fires report as Text 500 pt or greater
9) Click OK in the Edit Profile Dialog
10) Run the profile on your PDF
I set the font to error on a large point size so that all of the errors would report in a group. The second check is simply to catch any font larger than that. >I suppose you could check for pt size 50000 and have the same result.