If you are referring to only embedded raster images.... And don't want to copy/paste each image on it's own into Photoshop.
- Save the AI file as a high quality PDF
- Close the file (which should now be a PDF)
Drag or open that PDF with Photoshop
Since Ai files are, by default, both PDF and AI .... you may not need to save as a PDF and could possibly merely drag the AI file to Photoshop. However, the saving as PDF merely ensures the below works regardless of the AI save options when the file was originally saved
You will be presented with the PDF Import Options dialog window

This is actually a 40page PDF exported from an InDesign sales letter containing live type, vector images, and raster images opened in Photoshop
- Tick the
Images
option at the top left of the window and all the raster images within the PDF should be visible.
- Shift-Click (or Command/Ctrl-Click) to select more than one image if necessary, or select all
- Options on the right will be screened out because the images will open at the size/color mode they are in the PDF.
- Click
OK
and they will all open in Photoshop
- You'll have to then manually save them or use some other action for saving/exporting.
If the raster images contain things like paths and fills over an original raster image which have then been rasterized into the image itself, there is no method I'm aware of which will revert and remove any drawn objects that have been rasterized and embedded with the pixels of another raster image. (That's like trying to remove the chocolate from a chocolate cake, after it's been baked.)
<image>
But pasting to photoshop would be a tedious process as there are fifty layers or so. That's why I was hoping to find a way to export them all at once.