You have got already an answer which suggests advanced methods. Here's something more basic.
Apply a crayon or pencil filter. I happen to have some plugins for Photoshop. This is one of them. It keeps some colors, but that's not important. A single color or greyscale version is enough:

Freeware programs GIMP and Paint.NET have numerous such filters included and much more as free add-ons.
As you see, the filter doesn't properly recognize which parts in the image belong to the same object. Thus the objects aren't well separated. You would get better separation by manually clipping major objects to their own layers and filtering them separately. Some parts seem to be clipped totally off, for ex. the front mask.
Curves and colorizing adjustment layers are inserted to get a good single color version which can be recolored:

Finally the coloring layer is inserted. Creating it needs some real artistic capability. I jumped over that problem by stealing the hues. It's a blurred version of your example. Its hue and saturation are transferred to grey with blending modes. It's inserted on the top with blending mode Hue:

This is the result:

Here's a version based on different filtering, the hues are the same:

As you see these versions are far from your example. Even a remotely resembling filtering isn't easy to find and there's surely also made some manual edits to reduce the clutter.