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To use the color gray in black and white offset printing, which is used both in the text as a headline and in the context of some other pages, which method is better?
Reduce tint of black color, for example 50% in the desired parts?
This equates to a 50% screen for black on press.
Or should I make a copy of the black color and in the settings, set the black percentage to 50 with tint=100 percent?
This equates to a 50% screen for black on press.
There is no difference.
If the desire is to remove any screens, then you must use a spot color to represent the 50% black. There's no method of altering a K value to less than 100% anywhere and still achieve a solid ink.
I would use a swatch defining the K color to 50%.
In reality, I do not quite understand your second option. And this ignorance on my part is the fundament for my answer. You need to be perfectly clear on what the file is declaring.
If your file is indicating 100% Ink but somewhere else you are declaring that you need this value to be modified, is a potential problem.
Yes, you could use a spot ink, a middle gray for example, but that would be an additional ink. That is one way to interpret your instructions.
