You could use this GREP expression to select the first phrase:
.+(?= \|)

Let's have a look at the individual parts of the expression.
.+
This searches for Any Character .
repeated One or More Times +
.
(?= \|)
This is a Positive Lookahead which searches for text that comes before a space followed by a vertical bar \|
. We need to unescape the |
with a \
because it has a special use in GREP.
So the expression is searching for: One or more characters that comes before a space followed by a vertical bar.
Bonus tip
Add a GREP Style to the Paragraph Style to automatically format all instances of phrase 1 with a certain Character Style. Like this:
