Just as @DA01 mentioned in his comment, there is no common way to present a logo.
However, here are the most common approaches I've met:
- A logo is simply centred on a sheet of paper.
- A logo is centred over a white-to-light grey radial gradient which does not bring the background far from white but helps to draw a little bit more focus to the logo.
- The sheet of paper can be framed or sometimes even filled with a derivative pattern (if your client has ordered a pattern, of course).
- Apart from that, a logo can be presented together with its possible applications (again, if such work has been agreed upon) - to help client's visual imagination which sometimes can suffer.
Having said that, there is still a need to be aware of the potential issues related to presenting the part of work you haven't been committed to do.
Additionally, if you are presenting several variants of a logo, it's a good practice to number or even name them to help further identification.