No.
If the client paid for a license to use a specific typeface, then the client owns that license and should not be charged every time the typeface is utilized.
In addition, if the client specifically paid for the license, you should only be using that typeface for their projects. For this reason I much prefer to purchase typefaces for me/my company than for specific clients.
If a client has a request for a specific typeface I don't already own, and they can't transfer a license to me (which is most likely), I purchase the typeface myself. That inevitably means I cut into my profits for the first job or two using that typeface, but in the long run it's a business asset I've acquired, which is a tax deduction. And, if I own the license, I'm free to use the typeface on anything I choose.